Chloramphenicol

It is used to treat bacterial infections.

It is used to treat bacterial infections.

Chloramphenicol is contraindicated in conditions like Hypersensitivity.

WARNING/CAUTION: Even though it may be rare, some people may have very bad and sometimes deadly side effects when taking a drug. Tell your doctor or get medical help right away if you have any of the following signs or symptoms that may be related to a very bad side effect: Signs of an allergic reaction, like rash ; hives; itching ; red, swollen, blistered, or peeling skin with or without fever ; wheezing ; tightness in the chest or throat; trouble breathing, swallowing, or talking; unusual hoarseness; or swelling of the mouth, face, lips, tongue, or throat. Signs of infection like fever, chills, very bad sore throat , ear or sinus pain, cough , more sputum or change in color of sputum, pain with passing urine, mouth sores, or wound that will not heal. Signs of bleeding like throwing up or coughing up blood; vomit that looks like coffee grounds; blood in the urine; black, red, or tarry stools; bleeding from the gums; abnormal vaginal bleeding; bruises without a cause or that get bigger; or bleeding you cannot stop. Very bad dizziness or passing out. Feeling very tired or weak. Feeling confused. Mood changes. Change in eyesight. A burning, numbness, or tingling feeling that is not normal. Diarrhea is common with antibiotics . Rarely, a severe form called C diff–associated diarrhea ( CDAD ) may happen. Sometimes, this has led to a deadly bowel problem ( colitis ). CDAD may happen during or a few months after taking antibiotics. Call your doctor right away if you have stomach pain, cramps, or very loose, watery, or bloody stools. Check with your doctor before treating diarrhea.

Evaluate blood count after every 2 days during therapy of chloramphenicol. Avoid concurrent therapy with other drugs that may cause bone marrow depression. It should be used with caution in case of liver or kidney disease. Discontinue therapy if secondary infection occurs.

Drug should not be given to Paediatrics, Pregnant Mothers, patients suffering from Kidney dysfunction, patients suffering from Liver Malfunction, and Neonates.If prescribing authority justifies the benefits of the drug against the possible damages he/she should reevaluate them and consult the reference material and previous studies.

0.5 %w/v (0.5 (0.5)) 2 hourly Ophthalmic — 1 %w/w (1 (1)) 6 hourly Ophthalmic — Frequency may be increased to 8 times if needed. 5 to 10 % (7.5 (7.5)) 6 hourly Otic — 1-2 drops. 50 to 100 mg/kg (75 (75)) 6 hourly PO,IV — Maximum dose: 4 g/day.

12.5 to 25 mg/kg (19 (18.75)) 6 hourly Intra Venous — - 12.5 to 25 mg/kg (19 (18.75)) 6 hourly Oral — -

12.5 to 25 mg/kg (19 (18.75)) 6 hourly Intravenous — 12.5 to 25 mg/kg (19 (18.75)) 6 hourly oral —

Chloramphenicol is known to interact with other drugs, the details of drug interactions is as follows:DrugDetailsSeverityOnsetManagementAmoxicillinAmpicillinAscorbic AcidAzlocillin (Na)BacampicillinBenzathine PenicillinCarbenicillin (Na)Chloramphenicol inhibit the effect of carbenicillin by inhibiting cellular protein synthesis and change bacteria into static one thus reducing the effectiveness of carbenicillin.ModerateCombination must be avoided. If necessary then carbenicillin administered several hours before chloramphenicol and closely observed the antimicrobial efficacy.ChlorpropamideChloramphenicol reduces the hepatic clearence of chlorpropamide or displaces it from binding siteresult in increase plasma concentration of chlorpropamide which may lead to enhanced hypoglycemic effect.ModerateClosely monitor for level of glucose whenever start or discontinuetherapy with chloramphenicol.Adjust the dose of chlorpropamide if necessary.ChymotrypsinCimetidine (HCl)CiprofloxacinCloxacillinChloramphenicol inhibit the effect of cloxacillin by inhibiting cellular protein synthesis and change bacteria into static one thus reducing the effectiveness of carbenicillin.ModerateCombination must be avoided. If necessary then cloxacillin administered several hours before chloramphenicol and closely observed.ClozapineClozapine due to additive effect increase the risk of hematologic toxicity result in severe agranulocytosis when given with chloramphenicol.MajorThis combination shoud not be use.Colistin (Sulphate & Sulphomethate Na)Cyanocobalaminchloramphenicol attenuate the effect of anemiaCyclophosphamideDicloxacillin (Na)Ethacrynic AcidDiuretics (e.g mannitol, hydrochlorothiazide, ethacrynic acid) increase renal excretion of chloramphenicol and its metabolites.EthinyloestradiolFloxacillin (Na)FosphenytoinGestodeneGlibornurideGliquidoneHydroxocobalaminIchthammolIron DextranIron SaltsIron SorbitolMecillinamMecobalaminNafcillinOxacillinParacetamolPhenobarbitonePhenobarbitonePhenobarbitone causes subtherapeutic concentration of chloramphenicol.Phenytoin (Na)Chloramphenicol increases he serum level of phenytin results in increased toxicity while phenytoin may increase or decrease the serum level of chlormphenicol.ModerateConcomitant use should be avoided. Closely monitor for serum concentration of phenytoin and observe for sign of toxicity.Piperacillin (Na)Pivmecillinam (HCl)PrimidoneProcaine PenicillinPromethazine (HCl)RifampicinRifampicinRifampicin causes subtherapeutic concentration of chloramphenicol.SulfapyridineConcurrent use of sulfapyridine with bone marrow depressants may increase the leukopenic or thrombocytopenic effects of these medications.If concurrent use is required, close observation for myelotoxic effects should be considered.Sultamicillin chloramphenicol may interfere with the bactericidal effect of penicillins; Aviod concurrent therapyTolbutamideHalf life and serum concentration of tolbutamide is increased when given with chloramphenicol.TolbutamideWarfarin (Na)Chloramphenicol may enhance the anticoagulant effect of Warfarin.ModerateConcurrent therapy with Dicumarol and Chloramphenicol should probably be avoided. Little is known regarding the risks of concurrent therapy with Warfarin and Chloramphenicol. If these two agents are used together, monitor for increased effects of Warfarin (eg, prothrombin time, and signs and symptoms of bleeding) at initiation of therapy and if dose of Chloramphenicol is increased. If Chloramphenicol is discontinued or dose decreased, monitor for decreased effects of Warfarin. These interactions are sometimes beneficial and sometimes may pose threats to life. Always consult your physician for the change of dose regimen or an alternative drug of choice that may strictly be required.

Caps, Oral Susp, Dry Powder for Inj Store at room temperature. Protect from Sunlight. Cream, Syrup, Eye Ointment, Eye Drops, Ear Soln Store in a well closed container, at room temperature. Do not Freeze. Protect from Sunlight. Inj (reconstituted soln) Store at room temperature. Use within 24-48 hrs if kept at room temperature.