Gallamine Triethiodide

Gallamine Triethiodide is a benzylisoquinolinium, a competitive neuromuscular blocker similar to atracurium. Gallamine Triethiodide is used to produce muscle relaxation in general anaesthesia for surgical procedures and also to assist mechanical ventilation. It has parasympatholytic and sympathomimetic properties and frequently increases pulse rate and blood pressure.

Gallamine Triethiodide is primarily indicated in conditions like Adjunct to anesthesia, Prophylaxis of NSAID-induced gastric and duodenal ulceration.

Gallamine Triethiodide is contraindicated in conditions like Renal impairment.

The severe or irreversible adverse effects of Gallamine Triethiodide, which give rise to further complications include Tachycardia in coronary artery disease patient. Gallamine Triethiodide produces potentially life-threatening effects which include Acute anaphylactic reactions. which are responsible for the discontinuation of Gallamine Triethiodide therapy. The symptomatic adverse reactions produced by Gallamine Triethiodide are more or less tolerable and if they become severe, they can be treated symptomatically, these include Diplopia, Respiratory depression, Ptosis, Increase in blood pressure, Weakness of face + neck muscle, Difficulty to swallow.

May potentiate effects of other hypotensive agents. Although additive or potentiated antihypertensive effects usually are used to therapeutic advantage, hypotension could occur. (See Interactions.) Possible exacerbation or activation of systemic lupus erythematosus. May occur with or without history of allergy or bronchial asthma. Sulfonamide cross-sensitivity unlikely. (See Contraindications under Cautions.) Monitor for fluid or electrolyte imbalance (hyponatremia, hypochloremic alkalosis, hypokalemia) prior to initiation of treatment and periodically thereafter. Observe for signs of electrolyte imbalance (e.g., dryness of mouth, thirst, weakness, lethargy, drowsiness, restlessness, , oliguria, muscle pains, cramps, muscular fatigue, hypotension, tachycardia, nausea, vomiting). Perform periodic serum electrolyte determinations (particularly of potassium, sodium, chloride, and bicarbonate); institute measures to maintain normal serum concentrations if necessary. Serum and urinary electrolyte measurements are especially important with diabetes mellitus, vomiting, diarrhea, parenteral fluid therapy, or expectations of excessive diuresis. Weekly (or more frequent) electrolyte measurement early in treatment; possible to extend interval between measurements to ≥3 months when electrolyte response has stabilized. May occur after brisk diuresis, when cirrhosis is present, or with prolonged therapy; inadequate oral electrolyte intake may contribute. May cause cardiac arrhythmias, exaggerate cardiac response to cardiac glycoside toxicity (increase ventricular irritability). Use potassium-sparing diuretics and/or potassium supplementation to avoid or treat hypokalemia. Generally mild, usually does not require specific treatment except in renal or hepatic impairment. Chloride replacement may be required for metabolic acidosis. Dilutional hyponatremia may occur in edematous patients in hot weather; appropriate treatment usually is water restriction rather than salt administration except when hyponatremia is life-threatening. In actual salt depletion, appropriate replacement is treatment of choice. Hyperuricemia or, rarely, precipitation of gout may occur; generally avoid or use with caution in patients with history of gout unless patient is receiving uric acid lowering therapy. In diabetic patients, dosage adjustment of insulin or oral hypoglycemics may be required; hyperglycemia may occur and latent diabetes mellitus may become evident. Antihypertensive effect may be enhanced after sympathectomy. May increase magnesium urinary excretion, resulting in hypomagnesemia. May decrease calcium urinary excretion, cause slight intermittent serum calcium increase in absence of known calcium metabolism disorder; marked hypercalcemia may indicate hyperparathyroidism. Discontinue prior to performing parathyroid tests. May increase cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations. Clinical importance of these changes is unknown. Diet low in saturated fat and cholesterol usually compensates. Orthostatic hypotension rarely occurs. Category B. Diuretics are considered second-line agents for control of chronic hypertension in pregnant women; if initiation of antihypertensive therapy is necessary during pregnancy, other antihypertensives (i.e., methyldopa, nifedipine, labetalol) are preferred. Edema associated with pregnancy generally responds well to thiazides except when caused by renal disease; however, do not use as routine therapy in pregnant women with mild edema who are otherwise healthy. Diuretics are not recommended for prevention or management of gestational hypertension or preeclampsia. Distributed into milk. Manufacturer states to discontinue nursing or the drug; however, considered to be compatible with breast-feeding. Safety and efficacy not established. Elderly may be at increased risk of dilutional hyponatremia, especially underweight females with poor oral fluid and electrolyte intake or excessive low-sodium nutritional supplement intake. (See Hyponatremia under Cautions.) Use with caution in hepatic impairment or progressive liver disease (particularly with associated potassium deficiency); electrolyte imbalance may precipitate hepatic coma. Discontinue immediately if signs of impending hepatic coma appear. Use with caution in severe renal impairment; thiazides decrease GFR and may precipitate azotemia. Effects may be cumulative in impaired renal function.

May potentiate effects of other hypotensive agents. Although additive or potentiated antihypertensive effects usually are used to therapeutic advantage, hypotension could occur. (See Interactions.) Possible exacerbation or activation of systemic lupus erythematosus. May occur with or without history of allergy or bronchial asthma. Sulfonamide cross-sensitivity unlikely. (See Contraindications under Cautions.) Monitor for fluid or electrolyte imbalance (hyponatremia, hypochloremic alkalosis, hypokalemia) prior to initiation of treatment and periodically thereafter. Observe for signs of electrolyte imbalance (e.g., dryness of mouth, thirst, weakness, lethargy, drowsiness, restlessness, , oliguria, muscle pains, cramps, muscular fatigue, hypotension, tachycardia, nausea, vomiting). Perform periodic serum electrolyte determinations (particularly of potassium, sodium, chloride, and bicarbonate); institute measures to maintain normal serum concentrations if necessary. Serum and urinary electrolyte measurements are especially important with diabetes mellitus, vomiting, diarrhea, parenteral fluid therapy, or expectations of excessive diuresis. Weekly (or more frequent) electrolyte measurement early in treatment; possible to extend interval between measurements to ≥3 months when electrolyte response has stabilized. May occur after brisk diuresis, when cirrhosis is present, or with prolonged therapy; inadequate oral electrolyte intake may contribute. May cause cardiac arrhythmias, exaggerate cardiac response to cardiac glycoside toxicity (increase ventricular irritability). Use potassium-sparing diuretics and/or potassium supplementation to avoid or treat hypokalemia. Generally mild, usually does not require specific treatment except in renal or hepatic impairment. Chloride replacement may be required for metabolic acidosis. Dilutional hyponatremia may occur in edematous patients in hot weather; appropriate treatment usually is water restriction rather than salt administration except when hyponatremia is life-threatening. In actual salt depletion, appropriate replacement is treatment of choice. Hyperuricemia or, rarely, precipitation of gout may occur; generally avoid or use with caution in patients with history of gout unless patient is receiving uric acid lowering therapy. In diabetic patients, dosage adjustment of insulin or oral hypoglycemics may be required; hyperglycemia may occur and latent diabetes mellitus may become evident. Antihypertensive effect may be enhanced after sympathectomy. May increase magnesium urinary excretion, resulting in hypomagnesemia. May decrease calcium urinary excretion, cause slight intermittent serum calcium increase in absence of known calcium metabolism disorder; marked hypercalcemia may indicate hyperparathyroidism. Discontinue prior to performing parathyroid tests. May increase cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations. Clinical importance of these changes is unknown. Diet low in saturated fat and cholesterol usually compensates. Orthostatic hypotension rarely occurs. Category B. Diuretics are considered second-line agents for control of chronic hypertension in pregnant women; if initiation of antihypertensive therapy is necessary during pregnancy, other antihypertensives (i.e., methyldopa, nifedipine, labetalol) are preferred. Edema associated with pregnancy generally responds well to thiazides except when caused by renal disease; however, do not use as routine therapy in pregnant women with mild edema who are otherwise healthy. Diuretics are not recommended for prevention or management of gestational hypertension or preeclampsia. Distributed into milk. Manufacturer states to discontinue nursing or the drug; however, considered to be compatible with breast-feeding. Safety and efficacy not established. Elderly may be at increased risk of dilutional hyponatremia, especially underweight females with poor oral fluid and electrolyte intake or excessive low-sodium nutritional supplement intake. (See Hyponatremia under Cautions.) Use with caution in hepatic impairment or progressive liver disease (particularly with associated potassium deficiency); electrolyte imbalance may precipitate hepatic coma. Discontinue immediately if signs of impending hepatic coma appear. Use with caution in severe renal impairment; thiazides decrease GFR and may precipitate azotemia. Effects may be cumulative in impaired renal function.

1 mg/kg (1 (1)) As recommended. IV — For surgery: If necessary, repeated doses of 0.5 to 1 mg/kg or less, at intervals of 50 to 60 minutes or longer, may be given. 40 to 60 mg (50 (50)) As recommended. IV — Electroconvulsive Therapy

No child dosage information is recorded for this medicine yet.

No neonatal dosage information is recorded for this medicine yet.

No data regarding the interactions of Gallamine Triethiodide was found.

Store in a well closed container, . Protect from Sunlight.