Medicines/Generics/Lignocaine

Lignocaine

Generic medicine reference

Not yet clinically reviewed

This entry was migrated from the earlier Pharmapedia app bundle and has not been reviewed by a named clinician on this site. It is provided for educational reference only — verify dosage and safety information against current, authoritative sources and a qualified healthcare professional before any clinical use.

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Overview

Lignocaine is a sodium channel blocking agent, used as a local anesthetic and antiarrhythmic agent. It stabilizes nerve cell membranes to prevent impulse conduction. Used topically or by injection for local anaesthesia in minor operations. Intravenous injection or infusion used to treat abnormal heart rhythms. Excessive doses also block motor impulses and normal cardiac conduction. It has a low incidence of toxicity and a high degree of effectiveness in arrhythmias. Lignocaine is one of the least cardiotoxic drug of the currently used sodium channel blocker.

Indications

Lignocaine is primarily indicated in conditions like Anesthesia, Caudal anaesthesia, Epidural anaesthesia, Headache associated with migraine, Infiltration anaesthesia, Intravenous regional anaesthesia, Local anaesthesia, Neuropathic pain, Obstetric anaesthesia, Severe hiccup, Toothache, Transtracheal anaesthesia, Urethral anesthesia, Ventricular arrhythmias, Ventricular arrhythmias, especially after myocardial infarction, Ventricular fibrillation, and can also be given in adjunctive therapy as an alternative drug of choice in Itching, Pain.

Contraindications

Lignocaine is contraindicated in conditions like Heart block, Bradycardia, Congestive heart failure, Hypersensitivity.

Side Effects

The severe or irreversible adverse effects of Lignocaine, which give rise to further complications include Allergy, Hypotension, Bronchospasm, Coma, Seizures, Hypertension, Tissue necrosis, Angina, Sinus bradycardia, Respiratory depression, Blurred vision, Tremors, Malignant hyperthermia, Neonatal depression, Cardiovascular depression. Lignocaine produces potentially life-threatening effects which include Respiratory depression, Bradycardia, Convulsions, Hypersensitivity, Cardiac Arrest, CNS toxicity, Medullary depression, Tonic & clonic convulsion. which are responsible for the discontinuation of Lignocaine therapy. The signs and symptoms that are produced after the acute overdosage of Lignocaine include Bradycardia, Hypotension, Death, Apnea, Seizures, Respiratory arrest, Cardiovascular collapse, Decrease cardiac output. The symptomatic adverse reactions produced by Lignocaine are more or less tolerable and if they become severe, they can be treated symptomatically, these include Dizziness, Headache, Drowsiness, Nausea, Vomiting, Anxiety, Restlessness, Palpitation, Nervousness, Tinnitus, Abdominal pain, Confusion, Tremor, Nystagmus, Abdominal discomfort, Twitching.

Warnings

Lignocaine should be used with caution in patients receiving anti-coagulant therapy, with genetic predisposition of malignant hyperthermia, hypovolemia, shock and all types of heart block, congestive heart failure, bradycardia, respiratory depression or impaired liver or renal function. The injection of lignocaine should not be administered in areas of inflammation or infection. It should be avoided if plasma cholinesterase concentration is low.

High Risk Groups

Drug should not be given to Cardiac / Hypertensive Patients, patients suffering from Liver Malfunction, and Neonates.If prescribing authority justifies the benefits of the drug against the possible damages he/she should reevaluate them and consult the reference material and previous studies.

Adult Dosage

1 to 2 % (1.5 (1.5)) 3 hourly Topical — As Required 2 to 4 mg/min (3 (3)) As recommended. IV Inf — As Required 4.5 mg/ kg /dose (4.5 (4.5)) As recommended. SC — Dose vary with procedure. do not repeat within two hours.

Child Dosage

0.5 to 1 mg/kg (0.75 (0.75)) As recommended. Slow IV — Initially, As Required 2 % (2 (2)) 3 hourly Topical — As Required 20 to 50 ug/kg.min (35 (35)) As recommended. IV Infusion — Maintenance, As Required

Neonatal Dosage

Drug Interactions

Lignocaine is known to interact with other drugs, the details of drug interactions is as follows:DrugDetailsSeverityOnsetManagementAlcuronium (Cl)Amphotericin BAmprenavirAmprenavir possibly increases plasma concentration of Lignocaine; increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias. ADVICE: Avoid concomitant use.MajorAtracurium (Besylate)Cimetidine (HCl)Cimitidine increases lignocaine toxicity.Edrophonium (Cl)EnfluraneFosphenytoinHalothaneNadololOxprenolol (HCl)PentazocinePropafenone (HCl)Propranolol (HCl)Propranolol reduces clearance of lignocaine.Rocuronium (Br)Suxamethonium (Cl)Suxamethonium (Cl)Timolol (Maleate)Tocainide (HCl) These interactions are sometimes beneficial and sometimes may pose threats to life. Always consult your physician for the change of dose regimen or an alternative drug of choice that may strictly be required.

Storage

Inj, Soln, Gel Store Between 15°C-30°C. Do not Freeze. Protect from Sunlight.

Available Brands in Pakistan

61 active brands listed alphabetically.

Lignocaine

Available Brands in Pakistan

AMADOL

ANACAINE

ANSCON

ASMACAINE

BALIGNO

BENAMOL

DOLTEE TEETHING

DONGCAIN

EPOCAIN

FEVENOR

FEVER-NIL

GRENOCIN

IGNOCAR

KM LIDOCAINE

LACAIN

LAGIND

L-CAINE

LIDEX

LIDOCAINE

LIDOCAINE

LIDOCAINE

LIDOCAINE

LIDOJECT

LIDOSPORIN

LIGNO

LIGNOACINE

LIGNO ANS

LIGNOCAIN

LIGNOCAIN

LIGNOCAIN

LIGNOCAINE

LIGNOCAINE

LIGNOCAINE

LIGNOCAINE

LIGNOCAINE

LIGNOCAINE

LIGNOCAINE

LIGNOCAINE COMP

LIGNOCAINE COMPOUND

LIGNOCAINE WITH ADRENALINE

LIGNOCAINE WITH ADRENALINE

LIGNOCANE

LIGNORANT

LIGNOX

LOCAIN

LOGEL

MEDICA

MEDICAINE

NEUSTHETIC

OCAN

OTOCAINE

PRACAN

Q-ZIT

SOMOGEL

TEETHING DROPS

XYLEX

XYLEX-AD

XYLOCAINE

XYLOCAINE WITH ADRENALINE

XYLOX ADRENALINE

ZECAINE