Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a progressive nervous system disease that affects nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord, causing loss of muscle control.
Signs and Symptoms
- Difficulty walking or doing normal daily activities
- Tripping and falling
- Weakness in your legs, feet or ankles
- Hand weakness or clumsiness
- Slurred speech or trouble swallowing
- Muscle cramps and twitching in your arms, shoulders and tongue
- Inappropriate crying, laughing or yawning
- Cognitive and behavioral changes
Investigations
Electromyogram (EMG)
Nerve conduction study
MRI
Blood and urine tests
Spinal tap (lumbar puncture)
Muscle biopsy
Treatment
- Tab. Riluzole (Rilutek) 50 mg orally two times a day.
- Tab. Edaravone (Radicava)
Initial cycle
60 mg injection once a day for 14 days, followed by a drug-free period of 14 days.
Subsequent cycles
60 mg injection once a day for 10 days within a 14-day period, followed by a drug-free period of 14 days
3. Pregabalin (lyrica) 100mg at night for 1 month
Disclaimer: This guide is an educational reference for healthcare professionals. It does not replace clinical judgement — always follow your hospital's protocols and current guidelines.