Gastrointestinal Bleeding

Management

1. Resuscitation: Correction of hemorrhagic oligemia
2. Establish diagnosis

History

Physical examination

Help of laboratory investigations

Diagnostic endoscopies at the earliest

​3. Treatment of cause

• Upper GI:

Variceal bleeding

Nonvariceal bleeding

• Lower GI:

Bleeding hemorrhoids

Polyps — Carcinoma

Diverticular diseases

Angiodysplasia

Vascular malformation

Open surgical or interventional endoscopy or interventional radiology could be utilized to arrest hemorrhage depending on the condition and availability of the modality of treatment.